A thoracic aortic aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of the aorta, the body's main artery, inside the chest. Most cause no symptoms and are found on scans done for other reasons. Repair is advised when the aneurysm is large, growing quickly or causing pain, because it can tear or rupture, which is life-threatening. Open repair replaces the weak section with a fabric graft. Endovascular repair places a stent graft inside the aorta through an artery in the groin.

Patients seeking vascular surgery in Mumbai for aortic disease are assessed with CT angiography that shows the size, shape and position of the aneurysm and nearby branches. The choice between open surgery and a stent graft depends on the anatomy, the patient's age and other illnesses such as kidney or lung disease. Blood pressure control and stopping smoking are important before and after repair.

Open surgery needs a large incision and time on the heart-lung machine, followed by intensive care. Stent graft repair is done through small incisions in the groin, and recovery is often quicker. After either operation, patients return for scans to check the repair. Activity limits and blood pressure targets are explained, and sudden chest or back pain is treated as an emergency.

How the Procedure Can Help

Repair lowers the risk of rupture or dissection, which can be fatal. It also allows patients to live without the constant worry of a growing aneurysm. For suitable patients, a stent graft offers a less invasive option with a shorter hospital stay.

Risks and Considerations

Risks include bleeding, stroke, kidney injury, spinal cord injury causing leg weakness, infection, and, with stent grafts, leaks around the graft that may need further treatment. Lifelong follow-up scans are needed. New chest or back pain, leg weakness, fever or fainting after repair needs urgent attention.